Assessment of Stereopsis in Myopic and Hyperopic Anisometropia

Abstract

Background: Anisometropia, a condition where each eye has a different refractive power, can significantly affect binocular vision and depth perception. Myopic and hyperopic anisometropia may lead to disrupted stereopsis, impacting visual performance and quality of life.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess and compare the impact of myopic and hypermetropic anisometropia on stereopsis.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to December 2021 at Madina Teaching Hospital, Faisalabad. About 30 individuals of both sexes were included, aged from 12 to 25 years. A non-probability convenient sampling technique was employed to access the data. Patients having refractive anisometropia were included, and those with any type of ocular pathology, infections, strabismus, and amblyopia were excluded. Stereopsis was assessed binocularly with best refractive correction by the TNO chart. An independent sample t-test was used with the help of IBM SPSS-20 to get a statistical result.

Results: The results of the study showed that the mean value of 120 ± 69.282 seconds of arc scoa red by myopic anisometropic and 276 ± 150.20 second of arc by hyperopic anisometropic. Although the normal values for stereopsis for an emmetropic person should score 60 seconds of arc, which means that minimum value for stereopsis reveal good and increased levels for stereopsis. As the mean values for stereopsis in both myopic and hyperopic anisometropia are greater than the normal value of stereopsis, this shows that both the myopic and hyperopic anisometropic persons have decreased levels of stereopsis. 

Conclusion: The results of the study concluded that anisometropia reduces stereopsis; however, these reductions are more significant in hyperopic anisometropia as compared to the myopic anisometropia. Study recommends making stereopsis assessment and management as an integral part of routine examination to improve the qualities of life who are suffering.