A Review on Arsenic Toxicity Induced Keratosis and its Prevalence

Abstract

Excessive exposure of arsenic causes the cancer of many organs including skin, liver, kidney, lungs. Precancerous skin condition due to the exposure of arsenic is called arsenic keratosis. Arsenic keratosis is marked by hyperpigmentation and plaques and lump formation. The article focal point is the skin cancer which is the most concerning one. The aim of this review article is to synthesize an up-to-date knowledge of arsenic induced keratosis including its prevalence, diagnosis, treatment. This review was conducted by using major database including Google Scholar and PubMed. Toxicity due to arsenic is a global health related issue which affect people globally. Arsenic keratosis is inveterate clinical or subclinical deadly harmful because of the presence of arsenic metalloid in the body at higher level. A cross sectional analysis was held to investigate the exposure of arsenic is due to the number of reasons which includes contaminated water and sanitary landfills, etc. Diagnosis is based on the laboratory examination and histo-pathological examination. It is also diagnosed by the measuring the amount of arsenic in blood, urine and hairs sample. Pathophysiology of the keratosis describe that the trivalent arsenide and methylation of arsenic cause hyperpigmentation. For the prevention of arsenic keratosis make sure the usage of arsenic treatment plant for the availability of arsenic free water for drinking purposes. Options for the treatment purpose include the use of the oral and topical medications and surgical excision. For the management of arsenic keratosis nanotechnology use to remove arsenic from ground water.